Secondary battery.



PATENTED JAN. 13, 1903.

J. W. MADIGIN. SECONDARY BATTERY.

APPLICATION FILED IEB. 5, 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEBT 1.

I0 MODEL.

PATENTED JAN. 13, 1903. J. W. MADIGIN'.

SECONDARY BATTERY, APPLIOATION FILED PEB. s, i902.

-NO MODEL.

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.oooooacaooo0000000500000600000 .0.0000D00000 llNiTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JACOB WILFRID MADIGIN, OF TORONTO, CANADA.

S ECO N DARY BATTERY.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 718,489, dated January 13, 1903.

Application filed February 5. 1902. Serial No. 92,660. (No model.)

To all wlwt it may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB WILFRID MADI- GIN, of the city of Toronto, in the county of York, in the Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented certain new. and useful Improvements in Storage or Second aryBatteries, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates vto improvements in storage or secondary batteries; and the object of the invention isto produce a battery of a minimum weight of electrodes with aV maximum surface for a given size of containing jar or cell, to so construct an electrode as to prevent shedding of the active material and consequent short-circuiting, to insure immunity from buckling, to so construct the electrode that there will be alow internal resistance and a high rate of discharge, to provide for electrolytic action notwithstanding the electrolyte may sink low in the cell, and to provide a simple connection of low resistance whereby any single cell or set of cells may be removed from the group expeditiously and without destroying the connection. To carry out these objects, I have constructed the electrodes, the separating plates or sheets, and

connections in the manner which l shall presently describe.

Figure lis a perspective viewof a cell hav ing the connections and disposition of the electrodes at the top. Fig. 2 is a vertical section. Fig. 3 is a detail of one of theouter electrodes.

Fig. y4. is a detail of the central electrode.V Fig. 6 is an enf- Fig. 5 is a sectional plan. larged detail showing the `binding-posts connections. -Y

In the drawings like letters of reference in dicate corresponding parts in each figure.

A is a cell, which is made of any suitable material, such as rubber or glass.

B represents the outer electrodes, which are made rectangular in form and out of a sin gle sheet of Vmetal folded at b and connected to a vertical post B', the opposite end being also connected to the vertical posts B at the opposite side.' The folded endo and the free ends b' are suitably burned into grooves b2 at the opposite sides of the post B. The double plate thus formed, which is preferably rectangular in cross-section, has its members slightly separated, and between the members the active material is placed, such active material being pasted so as to extend through the perforations of the plate.` Each of the external plates is so formed. vThe innermost or central plate'C is, however, formed up with horizontal corrugations c and is also perforated. The plate O has burned onto it also a bounding edge C. The space between the corruga'tions c of the central plate C is filled with active material and the plate suitably pasted to the outside of the corrugations and through such perforations. Suitable bind ing or connecting posts B2 and C2 are secured to the top of the plates or electrodes B and C, respectively. The electrodes are placed one within the other, as indicated. in Figs. l and 5.- The electrode C is placed in the center. The binding-post B2and C2 ofthe positive and negative electrodes are connectedtogether by cross-bars D and Efrespectively. The electrodes are, however, separated by rectangular separating plates or sheets of fiber, cellulose, or wood liber, which is chemically treated with a neutral salt. These separating-plates are porous, and consequently the electrolyte by capillary attraction 'is drawn from the bottom of the cell up to the top of the electrodes. It will thus be seen that if there is not enough electrolyte in the cell the electrolyt-ic action will Vstill take place on account of the juxtaposition ot theseparating and insulating plates F and the capillary attraction resulting in the .use ot lthe separating material or plates between the electrodes. The terminals rare connected to the positive and negative bars D and E, as indicated in Fig. 6, by means 'of the posts 3, formed of lead and integral with the bar and tapered, as shown, the sleeve 4 fitting the posts and provided With stems through which the ends of the wires extend. The sleeves 4L are held in positionlby means of a nut 6, of lead, in which is sunk a'nut 7 of iron, but completely surrounded by the lead. The nut 7 is brought with the threaded orifice over the iron scription that I have produced a battery in which the danger from short-circuiting,which IOO is a most important desideratum, is minimized, if not avoided. All danger of buckling is also provided against and there is equal expansion from either side. As each plate is made of a single sheet it will be seen that a low internal resistance is insured and consequent high rate of discharge. Seeing that the insulating material is porous between the electrodes and fills up the space therebetween, it will be understood that the electrolytic action will be most advantageous, and all shedding of the electrode will be avoided. It will also be understood to those familial' with ythe art that the insulatingwalls or plates between the electrodes prevent sulfating or any deleterious action of the electrolyte on the grid of the electrode.

The mode of action between the cells or batteries is very simple, and any liability of the connections sulfating is avoided.

It will be noticed that the central grid or electrode being horizontally corrugated and having a bounding-rim is particularly ad vantageous, as far as expansion and contraction are concerned, on account of the corrugations making it elastic, and therefore the danger of buckling of this plate is reduced to a minimum.

As the corrug ted plate is entirely covered with active material it will be understood that the grid will be completely protected from electrolytic action.

/Vhat I claim as my invention isl. In a storage or secondary battery, an electrode comprising a folded and perforated sheet of lead, twoportions of the fold being separated to contain the active material and bent to form a tubular grid, and a post to the opposite sides of which the folded end of the double plate and the free ends of such plate are fixed as and for the purpose specilied.

2. A storage battery comprising a suitable containing-cell and a series of electrodes one encompassing the other and each comprising a folded and perforated sheet of lead, two portions of the fold being separated to contain the active material and bent to form a tubular grid, and a post to the opposite sides of which the folded end of the double plate and the free ends of such plate are fixed as and for the purpose specified.

3. A storage battery comprising a suitable containing-cell and a series of electrodes one encompassing the other and each comprising a folded and perforated sheet of lead, two portions of the fold being separated to contain the active material and bent to form a tubular grid and a post to the opposite sides of which the folded end of the double plate and the free ends of such plate are fixed and insulating porous encompassing-sheets separating the encompassing-electrodes as and for the purpose specified.

4:. A storage battery comprising a suitable containing-cell and a series of electrodes one encompassing the other and each comprising a folded and perforated sheet of lead, two portions of the fold being separated to contain the active material and bent to form a tubular grid, and a post to the opposite sides of which the folded end of the double plate and the free ends of such plate are fixed, and a brous cellulose sheet chemically treated with a neutral salt and designed to separate the encompassing-electrodes as and for the purpose specified.

5. A storage battery comprising a suitable containing-cell and a series of electrodes one encompassing the other and each comprising a folded and perforated sheet of lead, two portions of the fold being separated to contain the active material and bent to form a tubular grid, and a post to the opposite sides of which the folded end of the double plate and the free ends of such plate are fixed, and a central electrode comprising a horizontally corrugated and perforated plate provided with a suitable bounding edge and suitable terminals for both positive and negative electrodes as and for the purpose specified.

6. In a storage or secondary battery, an electrode comprising plates of sheet-lead horizontally corrugated and provided with a bounding edge and a suitable terminal as and for the purpose specified.

JACOB WILFRID MADIGIN.

Witnesses:

B. BOYD, M. MOLAREN. 

